Some hereditary cancers related to genetic mutations, such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and prostate cancer, can be managed and screened early thanks to genetic counseling.
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. According to data from the Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN 2022), nearly 20 million people are diagnosed with cancer each year, with more than 9.7 million deaths attributed to the disease.

In addition to environmental risk factors, cancer can also result from genetic mutations passed down through family generations.
Certain types of cancer have been linked to inherited genetic mutations, with the most common being the BRCA1/2 gene. Medical literature indicates that cancers such as ovarian cancer (approximately 15%), triple-negative breast cancer (10-17%), hormone receptor-positive breast cancer (6%), prostate cancer (5-10%), and pancreatic cancer (5-7%) are associated with these mutations.
These cancers have seen an increase in both incidence and mortality rates each year. This trend underscores the importance of enhancing diagnostic capabilities and improving the quality of treatment for hereditary cancers, making it an urgent priority in the near future.
According to GLOBOCAN 2022, Vietnam reports 24,563 new cases of breast cancer annually, with 10,008 deaths; 1,534 new cases of ovarian cancer, resulting in 1,003 deaths; 5,875 new cases of prostate cancer, with 2,800 deaths; and 1,251 new cases of pancreatic cancer, with 1,226 deaths.
Experts advise that individuals who have been identified as carrying genetic mutations associated with cancer should be closely monitored and undergo specialized screening programs. Additionally, genetic counseling should be integrated into clinical practices to help reduce the risk of developing cancer.
For patients and individuals with risk factors, incorporating genetic counseling into treatment plans helps identify genetic factors related to cancer early. This allows for personalized treatment regimens, improving diagnostic outcomes and enhancing the chances of successful treatment.
As a result, patients can access proactive solutions that help minimize complications, prolong survival, and improve overall quality of life.
From a societal and healthcare system perspective, genetic counseling not only helps clarify the causes of cancer but also serves as a vital tool for early detection in high-risk individuals.
Through early detection and timely intervention, patients can receive effective treatment from the early stages, especially in breast cancer cases. This reduces mortality rates significantly, alleviates pressure on the healthcare system, and lowers treatment costs for both individuals and society.
This is a crucial step forward in creating a proactive, efficient, and sustainable healthcare ecosystem to address the challenges posed by cancer.